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THE ENDEMIC  VEGETATION OF  MUGLA

Muğla is very rich in respect to endemic types of vegetation but those who can be mentioned at once are as follows:

Onopordum Caricum: This is a type of thorny weed that grows in flat land and in fields. It  takes its name from the region’s old name and only grows in Muğla’s Köyceğiz, Datça and Marmaris regions.

Globularia Dumulosa: This a ground cover plant that grows in calcareous rock areas and has the shape of a pillow.

Cyclamen Trochopteranthum (Coltsfoot): A type of weed that covers the ground after the melting of the snow in spring in the region. It has various local names.

Campanula Fruticulosa: A type of plant that grows on rocky areas at higher levels of the mountains.

Sternbergia Candida (locally called a type of gravel daffodil): It is a plant with scented flowers that only grows naturally in the Fethiye region. It flowers early in the season. In the south west part of the Toros Mountains the Sternbergia Candida opens its flowers under Cedrus Libani (Lebanon Cedars) in March. It is the only white flowering member of the Sternbergia family.

Liquid Amber Orientalis: This plant is good for asthma and eases breathing difficulties. It is also used for making incense. This natural environment for this endemic tree is around river valleys and near the sea. In terms of climate it likes humid and hot zones. As for land types it grows best in volcanic or clay soils, sand, calcareous, in the tereosa colour of a loose structure and rich in nutrition level.

The other endemic species are the sage that grows between rocks along the coastline from İzmir down to Muğla; the motherwort (leonurus cardiaca) that grows on the coasts of Muğla and Aydın; the campanula that grows in the around Kuşadası and Ortaklar; the spiky wild daisies seen on the shores of Aydın, Ödemiş and the central Toros Mountains; the foxglove growing on the Muğla and İzmir coastline; the centaury that grows in the Sandras Mountains in Muğla and the endemic type of date that was discovered in the Datça region.